By Rachel Ofori

Surrogacy is far from a simple process. The practice has many ethical implications to take into account. There is a fair amount of debate about this topic and what is or is not acceptable about it. Whether it is exploitation, psychological issues or perception, the implications of the surrogacy process are complex. It is important that those involved in surrogacy understand these considerations and safeguards in their legal agreement.

This article will cover some of the major debates surrounding the issue of surrogacy. Understanding the process will help you make informed and responsible decisions regarding your situation. At Surrogacy Choices, we want to simplify the complexities of surrogacy and aid you in any way we can.

Exploitation of Commercial Surrogacy

Surrogacy may be altruistic or commercial, with commercial being the type that raises ethical questions. This is typically when a surrogate is recruited through a surrogate agency and is paid for gestational services. She may also be reimbursed for any medical costs as a result of the pregnancy. The problem here is in the idea of paying for a child. There is an argument that surrogacy is “baby-selling” and treats human beings (both surrogates and children) like a commodity. Some people believe that the transactional nature of commercial surrogacy is immoral. Not only that, one may argue that it treats the very act of procreation as a commodity as well. 

There is also the potential for harm to surrogate mothers that could contribute to exploitation. What if there are medical complications with the pregnancy or delivery? If you miscarry, what happens then? There is also the emotional and psychological harm of giving your baby to another couple. While surrogates go into the agreement willingly, feelings may change over the course of the pregnancy. For some, the drawbacks may outweigh the monetary benefits.

Does surrogacy count as paid labor, and if it does, should it? This question is one of the biggest dilemmas concerning the practice, and one that you should consider thoughtfully. Whether you are wondering how to become a surrogate or if you want a surrogate, you should be sure.

What About the Surrogate Mother?

There are two types of surrogacy: traditional or gestational. Traditional means that the surrogate’s eggs were used and is biologically related to the child. In gestational, in vitro fertilization is used and the baby has no genetic link to the gestational mother. Traditional surrogacy is mostly banned across the United States. This is because it can be emotionally and legally complicated for the surrogate mother and intended parents. Though gestational carriers may not have a biological claim, they should still be aware of their rights. 

One of the ethical complaints about surrogacy is the lack of autonomy a woman has over her body. Should intended parents have a say over how she treats her body while pregnant, and if so, how much? Are they allowed to tell her what to eat or how to live during the pregnancy? What are her surrogacy rights? This potential lack of autonomy can add to the problem of the exploitation of and harm towards surrogate mothers. She should be informed of her rights and the expectations of her when creating the legal agreement. How she lives her life even while carrying is still her choice, and her bodily autonomy should not be jeopardized. 

It is important to discuss expectations prior to conception and be aware of surrogacy laws and responsibilities. If you are a surrogate mother, you want to provide the couple with a healthy child. At the same time, you do not want to put yourself in a position vulnerable to exploitation.

Emotional Impact of Surrogacy on the Child

Another argument made about surrogacy is the effect it will have on the child. Similar to adoption, these children may experience an identity crisis, especially with traditional surrogacy.

The process involves genetic, gestational, and social parenting, and this can impact how a child understands who they are. How a person understands their origins can deeply affect their development. Children born from surrogacy may experience adjustment difficulties. A big part of this argument is whether or not to inform the child they were born via surrogacy. 

While parents may be reluctant to explain the child’s origins, keeping it secret can cause high levels of distress. It may be best to be open about the situation and allow contact between the child and their surrogate. Keep in mind that this may create the potential for role confusion between the surrogate mother and indented parents.

What is the Public Perception of Surrogacy?

When the general public thinks of surrogacy, what do they see? Some people think that it is selfless, giving people a way to have a family, similar to adoption. Infertile women or LGBTQ+ couples might see it as a  chance to have what they have always wanted. It is also considered by some to be a financially rewarding practice and a way to earn additional income. However, others may think differently. Some view surrogacy as morally wrong and inaccessible to those without a lot of money. Many celebrities have become more open about their choice to use a surrogate. Conversely, this has made some believe the practice is just for wealthy people who can afford it. Others see it as a confusing and dangerous experience.

In particular, some intended parents have concerns about whether the surrogate mother will demand to keep the child. It is true that no one can predict how the surrogate will feel when the baby is born. Still, there is a harmful stereotype that paints them as emotionally unstable, especially if they have a biological claim. Surrogates must undergo mental health evaluations and background checks before being impregnated. Therefore, the perception that they are unstable can be detrimental. Still, this stereotype could discourage people from choosing surrogacy for the wrong reasons. Uncertainty can lead to anxiety and misunderstandings.

Surrogacy Choices can help combat these doubts by providing information about the surrogacy process. The more you are informed, the less likely you are to fall victim to myths and stereotypes. Base your decision on true facts and logical arguments, not what others think they know.

Learn More About Surrogacy With Surrogacy Choices

Surrogacy is a controversial and complicated process that requires careful consideration. All parties involved should be aware of the ethical considerations, laws, and responsibilities that come with this choice. Learning as much as you can beforehand is a great way to be well-informed and make responsible decisions. It can also help you to be sure of your choice to use or become a surrogate. For more information, please contact Surrogacy Choices today.